The INSIGHT SPICE Data Archive
========================================================================
Last update: March 11, 2021
Introduction
============
This document describes the INSIGHT SPICE archive, containing
observation geometry and other ancillary data in the form of SPICE
System kernel files for the INSIGHT lander and its instruments and
structures, and for MARCO-A and MARCO-B spacecraft and their
instruments and structures. It describes the archive directory
structure, kernels included in the archive, their naming
conventions, and provides pointers to the SPICE software and
documentation.
Table of Contents
=================
Introduction
Table of Contents
Overview
Errata
Archive Contents
Kernel Types
Archived Kernel Details
SPK Files
PCK Files
IK Files
CK Files
LSK Files
SCLK Files
FK Files
MK Files
File Formats
SPICE Software and Documentation
Contact Information
Cognizant Persons
Overview
========
This archive includes the complete set of INSIGHT, MARCO-A, and
MARCO-B SPICE data files (kernel files), which can be accessed using
SPICE software. The SPICE data contain geometric and other ancillary
information needed to recover the full value of science instrument
data. In particular SPICE kernels provide spacecraft and planetary
ephemerides, spacecraft and instrument orientation, instrument
mounting alignments, and data needed for relevant time conversions.
Data in the SPICE kernel files must be accessed using the software
called the SPICE Toolkit produced and distributed by the Navigation
and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) Node of the Planetary Data
System.
This archive includes data covering from INSIGHT launch, 2018-05-05,
through the end time of the latest Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA)
orientation file supplied in the archive. Until the end of the
spacecraft lifespan this archive will be accumulating with new data
added according to the project archiving plan.
Back to Table of Contents
Errata
======
1. This document is a simple HTML document. Providing documents in a
simple mark-up format was allowed by earlier versions of the PDS4
Standards but became prohibited in later versions starting summer
2015. Since using HTML documents was compliant at the time when a
similar document was first provided in the MAVEN PDS4 archive and
since NAIF strives to make bundle description document format and
style consistent across all archives, this document continues
to exist in this archive as an HTML document.
2. All MARCO-A and MARCO-B kernels included in the archive
are labeled as being associate the INSIGHT instrument host.
3. No SCLK kernels the instrument clocks (LOBT and AOBT) are
provided or planned to be provided for.
4. No deflected IDC SPKs and CKs are yet included in the archive.
Some may be included in subsequent releases.
5. The IDC and ICC frames definitions provided in the INSIGHT mission
FK and their parameters provided in the corresponding IKs have
not been full validated and, if used to compute derived geometry
for these instruments, may produce results differing from the
same kinds of geometric parameters provided in the image labels.
Back to Table of Contents
Archive Contents
===============
Files in this archive are organized into a set of subdirectories
below the top-level directory. The following diagram shows the
structure and content of these directories. The directory names are
enclosed in square brackets ([]).
[top-level-directory]
|
|- bundle_insight_spice_v*.xml Bundle PDS4 label, one or more versions.
|- readme.txt Bundle top-level readme file.
|
|-[spice_kernels] Directory containing SPICE kernels.
| |
| |- collection_spice_kernels_v*.xml PDS4 labels for Spice Kernels collections.
| |- collection_spice_kernels_inventory_v*.tab
| | Spice Kernels collections' inventories.
| |
| |-[ck] Directory containing CK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.bc Binary CK files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for CK files.
| |
| |-[fk] Directory containing FK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.tf Text FK files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for FK files.
| |
| |-[ik] Directory containing IK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.ti Text IK files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for IK files.
| |
| |-[lsk] Directory containing LSK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.tls Text LSK files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for LSK files.
| |
| |--[mk] Directory containing MK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.tm Text Meta-kernel files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for MK files.
| |
| |-[pck] Directory containing PCK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.tpc Text PCK files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for PCK files.
| |
| |-[sclk] Directory containing SCLK files.
| | |
| | |-- *.tsc Text SCLK files.
| | +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for SCLK files.
| |
| +-[spk] Directory containing SPK files.
| |
| |-- *.bsp Binary SPK files.
| +-- *.xml PDS4 labels for SPK files.
|
+-[document] Directory containing documents.
|
|- collection_document_v*.xml PDS4 labels for document collections.
|- collection_document_inventory_v*.tab
| Document collections' inventories.
|
|- spiceds_v*.html This file and its earlier versions.
+- spiceds_v*.xml PDS4 labels for this file and its earlier versions.
Back to Table of Contents
Kernel Types
============
Different SPICE kernel types are used to store different kinds of
ancillary data.
SPK (Spacecraft Planet Kernel) files contain ephemerides (position
and velocity) for spacecraft, planets, satellites, comets and
asteroids as well as for moving or fixed spacecraft and instrument
structures. SPK files are located under the spice_kernels/spk
directory of this archive.
PCK (Planetary Constants Kernel) files contain certain physical,
dynamical and cartographic constants for target bodies, such as size
and shape specifications, and orientation of the spin axis and prime
meridian. PCK files are located under the spice_kernels/pck
directory of this archive.
IK (Instrument Kernel) files contain instrument parameters relevant
for computing an instrument's geometry such as field-of-view
definitions, CCD and optical distortion characteristics, and internal
timing parameters. IK files are located under the spice_kernels/ik
directory of this archive.
CK (C-matrix Kernel) files contain time varying orientations for
spacecraft, spacecraft structures, and articulating science
instruments. CK files are located under the spice_kernels/ck
directory of this archive.
LSK (Leapseconds Kernel) files contain the leapseconds and the
values of other constants required to perform a transformation
between Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and Ephemeris time (ET),
which is also known as Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB). LSK
files are located under the spice_kernels/lsk directory of
this archive.
SCLK (Spacecraft Clock Kernel) files contain on-board clock
calibration data required to perform a transformation between
Ephemeris time (ET) and spacecraft on-board time (SCLK). SCLK files
are located under the spice_kernels/sclk directory of this
archive.
FK (Frame definitions Kernel) files contain information required to
define reference frames, sources of frame orientation data and
connections between these frames and other frames supported within
the SPICE system. The science instrument frame definitions provided
in the FK files include mounting alignment information for the
instruments. FK files are located under the spice_kernels/fk
directory of this archive.
MK (Meta-Kernel) files list sets of related SPICE kernels that
should be used together, providing an easy way to make data from
these kernel sets available to a SPICE-based application by loading
meta-kernels into the program using the high level SPICE data loader
routine FURNSH. MK files are located the spice_kernels/mk
directory of this archive.
Archived Kernel Details
=======================
The subsections below provide details, such as file naming
conventions and specific details, for each of the kernel types
included in this archive.
Back to Table of Contents
SPK Files
SPK (Spacecraft Planet Kernel) files contain ephemerides (position
and velocity) for spacecraft, planets, satellites, comets and
asteroids as well as for moving or fixed spacecraft and instrument
structures.
This archive includes binary SPK files containing the following
kinds of ephemeris data:
- planetary ephemeris SPKs
These SPKs contain ephemeris data for the Solar System
planet barycenters, and Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and
Moon, determined by the JPL Solar System Dynamics group and
are named DEXXX, e.g. DE430.
- Martian satellite ephemeris SPKs
These SPKs contain ephemeris data for Mars, Phobos, Deimos,
Sun, Earth barycenter, and Earth, determined by the
JPL Solar System Dynamics group and are named MARXXX, e.g.
MAR097.
- reconstructed spacecraft cruise trajectory SPKs
These SPKs contain the reconstructed INSIGHT spacecraft
trajectory for cruise determined by the INSIGHT Navigation
(NAV) team, JPL.
- reconstructed spacecraft EDL trajectory SPKs
These SPKs contain the reconstructed INSIGHT spacecraft
trajectory during Entry Descent Landing (EDL) determined by
the INSIGHT EDL team, LMCO.
- actual landing site position SPKs
These SPKs contain the actual location of the INSIGHT
landing site in the Mars body-fixed frame, determined by
the INSIGHT science team.
- landing site -to- lander offset SPKs
These SPKs contain the zero offset between the INSIGHT landing
site and the lander.
- structures SPKs
These SPKs contain fixed locations of selected spacecraft
structures and science instruments, based on the INSIGHT
engineering documentation.
- deflected IDC position SPKs
These SPKs contain the deflected (gravity-compensated)
position of the INSIGHT Instrument Deployment Camera (IDC),
based on IDA telemetry and covering only IDC image times.
- MARCO-A and MARCO-B trajectory SPKs
These SPKs contain the reconstructed MARCO-A and MARCO-B
spacecraft trajectories for cruise determined by the JPL
Navigation (NAV) team, JPL.
The SPK files are provided under the spice_kernels/spk
directory and are named according to the following schemes:
- planetary ephemeris SPKs
deVVVs.bsp
where
VVV is the ephemeris version.
s (optional) indicates that the original file
coverage was shortened to reduce the file
size.
- Martian satellite ephemeris SPKs
marVVVs.bsp
where
VVV is the ephemeris version.
s (optional) indicates that the original file
coverage was shortened to reduce the file
size.
- reconstructed spacecraft cruise trajectory SPKs
insight_cru_SSS_vV.bsp
where
SSS is the solution source:
ops operational solution
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- reconstructed spacecraft EDL trajectory SPKs
insight_edl_rec_vV.bsp
where
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- actual landing site position SPKs
insight_ls_opsYYMMDD_iauYYYY_vV.bsp
where
YYMMDD is the date when the landing site location
stored in the file was determined or
released.
YYYY is the publication year of the IAU Mars
rotation model, with which this SPK should be
used.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- landing site -to- lander offset SPKs
insight_atls_opsYYMMDD_vV.bsp
where
YYMMDD is the date consistent with the corresponding
landing site position SPK.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- structures SPKs
insight_struct_vVV.bsp
where
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- deflected IDC position SPKs
insight_idc_rec_YYMMDD_YYMMDD_vV.bsp
where
YYMMDD are the file coverage start and stop dates.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- MARCO-A and MARCO-B trajectory SPKs
marcoS_YYMMDD_yymmdd_YYMMDD_vV.bsp
where
S is the spacecraft identifier:
a MARCO-A
b MARCO-B
YYMMDD are the file coverage start and stop dates.
yymmdd is the end date of the reconstructed part of the
file.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
The most detailed description of the data in each SPK file is
provided in metadata included inside the comment area of the file.
This information can be viewed using the utility program COMMNT
included in the NAIF Toolkit.
Back to Table of Contents
PCK Files
PCK (Planetary Constants Kernel) files contain certain physical,
dynamical, and cartographic constants for target bodies, such as
size and shape specifications, and orientation of the spin axis and
prime meridian.
This archive includes generic text PCK files produced by NAIF,
containing data from the reports of the IAU Working Group on
Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements. The generic text
PCK version 00010 contains data from the 2009 report.
The PCK files are provided under the spice_kernels/pck
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- generic text PCKs
pckVVVVV.tpc
where
VVVVV is the version; the file with the largest
number is the latest, but the user of PCK
data must decide if the latest version,
or an earlier version, is appropriate
for his/her analysis task.
The most detailed description of the data in a text PCK file is
provided in metadata included inside the description area of the
file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program.
Back to Table of Contents
IK Files
IK (Instrument Kernel) files contain instrument parameters relevant
for computing an instrument's observation geometry such
field-of-view definitions, CCD and optical distortion
characteristics, and internal timing parameters.
This archive includes text IK files for INSIGHT instruments, for
which common instrument geometric parameters normally stored in IKs
are applicable, such as Instrument Context Camera (ICC), Instrument
Deployment Camera (IDD), and Heat Flow and Physical Properties
Package (HP3) Radiometer, and for the INSIGHT antennas.
The IK files are provided under the spice_kernels/ik
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- instruments (other than cameras) and antennae IK files
insight_NAME_vVV.ti
where
NAME is the instrument acronym:
ant (for antennae)
hp3_rad (for HP3 Radiometer)
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
- camera IK files
insight_NAME_YYYYMMDD_c03.ti
where
NAME is the instrument acronym:
icc (Instrument Context Camera)
idc (Instrument Deployment Camera
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
The most detailed description of the data in a text IK file is
provided in metadata included inside the description area of the
file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program.
Back to Table of Contents
CK Files
CK (C-matrix Kernel) files contain time varying orientations for
spacecraft, articulating spacecraft structures, and articulating
science instruments.
This archive includes binary CK files containing the following kinds
of orientation data:
- reconstructed spacecraft cruise orientation CKs
These CKs contain the reconstructed INSIGHT spacecraft
cruise attitude determined on-board and downlinked in
spacecraft telemetry.
- reconstructed spacecraft EDL orientation CKs
These CKs contain the reconstructed INSIGHT spacecraft EDL
attitude, from the EDL entry point to landing, determined
by INSIGHT EDL team,
- reconstructed spacecraft landed orientation CKs
These CKs contain the reconstructed INSIGHT spacecraft
landed attitude based on post-landing assessment done by the
project engineering team.
- cruise-lander frame connection CKs
These CKs contain the fixed rotations between the INSIGHT
lander and cruise frames needed to complete SPICE reference
chains at all times.
- MARCO-A and MARCO-B orientation CKs
These CKs contain the reconstructed MARCO-A and MARCO-B
attitude determined on-board and downlinked in spacecraft
telemetry.
- IDA orientation CKs
These CKs contain the reconstructed encoder or
potentiometer telemetry-based orientation of the INSIGHT
Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA) joints.
- deflected IDC orientation CKs
These CKs contain the deflected (gravity-compensated)
encoder or potentiometer telemetry-based orientation of the
INSIGHT Instrument Deployment Camera (IDC).
The CK files are provided under the spice_kernels/ck
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- reconstructed spacecraft cruise orientation CKs
insight_cru_rec_YYMMDD_YYMMDD_vVV.bc
where
YYMMDD are the file coverage start and stop dates.
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- reconstructed spacecraft EDL orientation CKs
insight_edl_rec_vV.bc
where
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- reconstructed spacecraft landed orientation CKs
insight_surf_ops_vV.bc
where
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- cruise-lander frame connection CKs
insight_cruise2lander_vV.bc
insight_lander2cruise_vV.bc
where
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- MARCO-A and MARCO-B orientation CKs
marcoS_cru_rec_YYMMDD_YYMMDD_vVV.bc
where
S is the spacecraft identifier:
a MARCO-A
b MARCO-B
YYMMDD are the file coverage start and stop dates.
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- IDA orientation CKs
insight_ida_SSS_YYMMDD_YYMMDD_vV.bc
where
SSS is the IDA joint angle value source:
enc encoders
pot potentiometers
YYMMDD are the file coverage start and stop dates.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
- deflected IDC orientation CKs
insight_idc_SSS_YYMMDD_YYMMDD_vV.bc
where
SSS is the IDA joint angle value source:
enc encoders
pot potentiometers
YYMMDD are the file coverage start and stop dates.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named files
with earlier versions.
The most detailed description of the data in each CK file is
provided in metadata included inside the comment area of the file.
This information can be viewed using the utility program COMMNT
included in the NAIF Toolkit.
Back to Table of Contents
LSK Files
LSK (Leapseconds Kernel) files contain the leapseconds and the
values of other constants required to perform a transformation
between Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and Ephemeris time (ET),
also known as Barycentric Dynamical Time (TDB).
This archive includes generic text LSK files produced by NAIF,
containing leapsecond information based on the IERS announcements.
The generic text LSK version 0012 contains leap second data up to
and including the January 1, 2017 leapsecond.
The LSK files are provided under the spice_kernels/lsk
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- generic text LSKs
naifVVVV.tls
where
VVVV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
The most detailed description of the data in a text LSK file is
provided in metadata included inside the description area of the
file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program.
Back to Table of Contents
SCLK Files
SCLK (Spacecraft Clock Kernel) files contain on-board clock
calibration data required to perform a mapping between Ephemeris
time (ET) and spacecraft on-board time (SCLK).
This archive includes text SCLK files containing correlation data
for the main INSIGHT on-board clock, text SCLK files supporting
INSIGHT Local Mean Solar Time (LMST) to Ephemeris Time conversions,
and text SCLK files implementing fictitious clock correlations for
MARCO-A and MARCO-B required to access their CK files.
The SCLK files are provided under the spice_kernels/sclk
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- main INSIGHT spacecraft clock SCLK files
nsy_sclkscet_VVVVV.tsc
where
VVVVV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
- INSIGHT LMST SCLK files
insight_lmst_opsYYMMDD_vV.tsc
where
YYMMDD is the date consistent with the corresponding
landing site position SPK.
V is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
- MARCO fictitious SCLK files
marcoS_fake_vVV.tsc
where
S is the spacecraft identifier:
a MARCO-A
b MARCO-B
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
The most detailed description of the data in a text SCLK file is
provided in metadata included inside the description area of the
file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program.
Back to Table of Contents
FK Files
FK (Frame definitions Kernel) files contain information required to
define reference frames, sources of frame orientation data and
connections between these frames and other frames supported within
the SPICE system. The science instrument frame definitions provided
in the FK files include mounting alignment information for the
instruments.
This archive includes text FK files defining reference frames for
the INSIGHT lander, its structures, and science instruments, and for
MARCO-A and MARCO-B spacecraft and their structures and instruments.
The MARCO-A and MARCO-B FK files also include definitions of structure
and instrument FOVs. These FKs were produced by NAIF using the
spacecraft and instrument design documentation as well as actual
instrument alignment values determined pre-launch and as the result
of in-flight calibrations.
The FK files are provided under the spice_kernels/fk
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- INSIGHT mission FK files
insight_vVV.tf
where
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
- MARCO FK files
marcoS_vVV.tf
where
S is the spacecraft identifier:
a MARCO-A
b MARCO-B
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
The most detailed description of the data in a text MK file is
provided in metadata included inside the description area of the
file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program.
Back to Table of Contents
MK Files
Meta-kernel (MK) files (a.k.a 'furnsh' files) provide lists of the
archived kernels included in this archive suitable for loading into
a SPICE-based application via the high level SPICE data loader
routine FURNSH. Using meta-kernels makes it easy to load with
one call a comprehensive SPICE data collection for a given period.
The text MK files are provided under the spice_kernels/mk
directory and are named according to the following scheme:
- INSIGHT whole mission MK files
insight_vVV.tm
when
VV is the version; the file with the latest
version supersedes all similarly named
files with earlier versions.
Multiple versions of a meta-kernel for the same year may exist if
new kernels were added to the archive in a later release and the
meta-kernel for that year had to be updated to incorporate them. The
reasons for adding new kernels include (but are not limited to)
adding new kinds of kernels, adding new versions of existing kernels
containing more complete or more accurate data, and adding new
versions of existing kernels superseding the existing kernels that
had errors. If more than one meta-kernel file for the same year is
present, then the file with the latest version number supersedes all
earlier versions. The latest yearly meta-kernels can be loaded
together sorted by year to provide coverage for more than one year.
(Note that on some environments loading too many kernels at once may
slow down data access.)
In addition, all meta-kernels also includes keywords setting the
SPICE CHRONOS utility configuration parameters (spacecraft ID,
planet ID, landing UTC, landing SOL index, and Sun GM).
Although the meta-kernels were created such that on a UNIX
workstation they can be loaded into a SPICE-based application
directly from the directory in which they reside -- because the
PATH_VALUES keyword is set to '..' and '/' is used as the path
delimiter -- it is recommended that users make local copies of these
files and update the PATH_VALUES keyword in each of them to point to
the actual location of the archive's 'spice_kernels' directory on
their system. Additional changes including replacing '/' and '\' in
all path specifications and converting UNIX line terminators to
terminators native to the user's system may be required to use these
meta-kernels on non-UNIX workstation.
The following guidelines were followed to pick and set priority --
determined by the order in which the kernel files are listed, with
the latest one taking precedence -- for the kernel files included in
these meta-kernels:
- the latest archived versions of LSK, PCK, and each kind of
SCLKs, IKs, FKs, SPKs, and CKs (except for IDA and IDC CKs)
were included
- for IDA and IDC CKs, only latest encoder-based CKs were
included
Additional description of the kernels sets listed in a text MK file is
provided in metadata included inside the description area of the
file. This information can be viewed using any text editor program.
Back to Table of Contents
File Formats
============
All text documents and other meta information files such as
descriptions, detached PDS4 labels, and inventory tables are stream
format files, with a carriage return (ASCII 13) and a line feed
character (ASCII 10) at the end of the records. This allows the
files to be read by most operating systems.
The text kernel files in this archive -- LSKs, PCKs, SCLKs, IKs, and
FKs -- are UNIX text files, with a line feed character (ASCII 10) at
the end of the line, and binary kernels files -- SPKs and CKs -- are
IEEE LSB binary files. While data files in this archive can be used
'as is' with SPICE toolkits for the majority of supported
environments, converting the files to the binary or text format
native to the user's computer may be required for use of the data
with FORTRAN toolkits on incompatible environments. Refer to the
documentation provided with the SPICE Toolkit to find out whether
conversion is needed in each specific case.
NAIF provides a tool (BINGO) that can convert either binary or text
kernels from one format to another. This means that text files can
have their line terminator changed and binary files can be converted
to the native format of the platform of interest. BINGO is available
from the utilities page at the NAIF Node of the PDS:
http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/utilities.html
Back to Table of Contents
SPICE Software and Documentation
================================
The latest SPICE Toolkit for a variety of computer platforms,
additional utility programs, documentation, tutorials, and hands-on
lessons are available at the NAIF Node of the PDS:
http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov
specifically:
Toolkit: http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/toolkit.html
Utilities: http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/utilities.html
Tutorials: http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/tutorials.html
Lessons: http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/lessons.html
Back to Table of Contents
Contact Information
===============================
PDS Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF),
MAIL STOP 301-121
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
4800 Oak Grove Drive
Pasadena, CA, 91109-8099
818-354-8136
WWW Site: http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov
Back to Table of Contents
Cognizant Persons
=================
This archive was produced by Boris Semenov and Marc Costa Sitja,
Planetary Data System Navigation and Ancillary Information
Facility Node, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California.
End of INSIGHT SPICE archive description.
Back to Table of Contents